Putnam's privacy and security information

Policy revised effective: February 20, 2020

  • Putnam's commitment to privacy
    • Putnam Investments is committed to protecting the confidentiality and security of our clients, shareholders, and stakeholders. Our privacy policy is designed to help you understand the types of information that Putnam collects and how we use this information.

  • Information we collect
    • Putnam collects information to help better serve your investment needs and respond to your inquiries. It is our policy to protect the confidentiality of this information. We have safeguards in place designed to prevent unauthorized access to our computer systems, and have procedures to protect personal information from unauthorized access and use.

      In order to conduct business with you, we must obtain certain personal information to maintain accurate records of accounts and transactions. This information may include your name, date of birth, postal address, email address, phone number, fax number, account number, and Social Security number.

  • Other information collected
    • If you enter a secured section of our website through the use of an ID, we already have on file your name, address, and account information. We time-stamp all incoming sessions, and we collect the IP, domain name, session duration, transactions made, and pages viewed. Technical information (such as IP address, operating system, and session ID) is collected in addition to data the user saves in an online calculator or investment tool, as well as transaction requests, such as requests for changes to account options.

  • Use of information
    • Putnam does not give or sell any information to any other company, individual, or group except as permitted by law. As described below, we may share some information with outside vendors that provide services to us, pursuant to a confidentiality agreement. We may also link to other Internet sites ("third-party sites") that are not maintained by Putnam, and thus we are not responsible for the content of those sites. Before providing your personal information to any externally linked sites, we urge you to read their privacy and security policies.

      Under certain circumstances, we do share information with outside vendors who provide services to us, such as mailing and proxy solicitation or as otherwise permitted by law. In those cases, the firms with whom we do business enter into confidentiality agreements with us, and we limit the information we provide them to only that which is necessary to process transactions and perform other services related to your shareholder account. It is also our policy to share account information with your financial advisor if you've provided us with information about your advisor and that person is listed on your Putnam account.

      Putnam will not release information about your Putnam accounts except as permitted by law. For example, Putnam may release this information if one of the following conditions is met:

      • Putnam receives your prior written consent.
      • Putnam believes the recipient to be you or your authorized representative.
      • Putnam is required by law to release information to the recipient.
  • Rights for residents of certain states
    • Some state laws grant additional privacy rights to their residents. If you are a resident of California, in addition to other rights described in this Privacy Policy, you also have the following rights:

      • You have a right to request that we disclose what personal information relating to you that we collect, share, or sell.
      • You have a right to request that we delete certain personal information relating to you that we maintain.
      • You have a right to opt out from the sale of your personal information. Putnam does not currently sell personal information relating to California residents.

      Other privacy and data protection laws apply to much of the personal information that we collect, use, and disclose. When these laws apply, we may decline all or part of an access request or deletion request. For more information, please read the California Privacy Notice.

  • Cookies
    • Cookies policy

      Putnam Investments ("Putnam" or "we") seeks to provide the most relevant web user experience for our clients and prospects. To that end, our firm leverages cookie technology to enhance the website experience and to enable targeted advertising and other related activities. This cookies policy tells you how Putnam's website uses cookies and what this means for you as a visitor to our website.

      By using Putnam's website, you consent to the use of cookies in accordance with this cookies policy.

      What are cookies?

      A cookie is a small piece of data that a website asks your browser to store on your computer or mobile device. Cookies allow a website to "remember" your actions or user preferences over a period of time, so you don't have to keep re-entering them whenever you come back to the site or browse from one page to another.

      What cookies do we use and why?

      When we include links to other websites, please bear in mind they will have their own privacy and cookies policies that will govern the use of any information you submit. We recommend you read their policies as Putnam is not responsible or liable for their privacy practices.

      Following are descriptions of the categories of cookies we use below:

      Security-related cookies

      These cookies are strictly necessary to access essential features of the website such as single sign on ("SSO") to our partner websites or access to secured areas (user authentication required). These cookies are session based and expire upon logging out of the website or closing the browser. Accepting these cookies is a condition of using the website, so if you prevent these cookies, we cannot guarantee your use of our website or how the security on our website will perform during your visit.

      Analytics-related cookies

      These cookies collect information about how users employ our website, such as which pages are visited by the user. These cookies are used to help us improve user experience on our sites. We use these cookies for:

      • Analytics, to provide a variety of statistics on how our websites are used
      • Design testing, to test different designs of our website to improve the users' experiences

      Our websites use third parties to help collect and analyze information gathered via these cookies. The information generated about your use of the website may be transmitted to and stored by these third parties on services outside your country of residence.

      Functionality cookies

      These cookies help to provide services or to remember settings to improve your visit to our website. We use functionality cookies primarily to remember choices you make — for example, your user or email ID, which helps expedite the user login and navigation process.

      Personalization and targeting-related cookies

      Putnam may use third parties to develop and syndicate "interest-based" advertisements of products and services based on web user behavior. Putnam does not share personally identifiable information about our customers with these vendors, and they do not share this type of information with us. To opt out of cookie usage by third parties, you may visit the Network Advertising Initiative consumer opt-out page.

      How to withdraw your consent or delete or block our cookies?

      You may decline Putnam cookies in your browser settings, although as a result, you may not be able to use certain features on the website. Most browsers support cookies, but you can set your browsers to decline them and can delete them whenever you wish. For further information about cookies including managing, deleting, or blocking cookies, please visit www.allaboutcookies.org or www.aboutcookies.org To opt out of cookie usage by third parties, you may visit the Network Advertising Initiative consumer opt-out page. Additionally, you may update your preference settings for Google ads.

      Updates to this cookie policy

      Putnam reserves the right to update this cookies policy from time to time. Any changes will be posted within this page and shall become effective as soon as they are posted. Continued use of the website constitutes your agreement to all such updates.

      By clicking on this link, you will be leaving Putnam's website and entering an external website. Putnam is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

  • Do Not Track signals
    • Currently, Putnam does not honor Do Not Track signals.

  • User confidential information/privacy
    • The use of Putnam Electronic Services or any online securities transaction system, web-based or otherwise, may involve personal financial information, including but not limited to the identity and number of shares that the user trades and the net dollar price for the shares. The user consents to the transmission by electronic means of such information; such consent shall be effective at all times that the user employs any such system, service, or product.

  • Updating your personal information
    • From time to time, Putnam may email you information regarding new products and services. You may change your personal information at any time. Please visit our contact page for Putnam's toll-free phone numbers and additional contact information.

      If you would like clarification about our confidentiality policies or have any questions or concerns, please don't hesitate to contact us at 1-800-225-1581, Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time.

      When Putnam's Privacy Policy is updated, any such updates will be posted to this site with a revised effective date.

  • Privacy Notice for residents of the EEA (PDF)
  • Privacy Notice for residents of California (PDF)
  • Security tips: You play an important part in protecting your identity and securing your financial accounts. Please help secure your identity and data. Review these best practices.

  • Internet security
    • To the extent that any Putnam Electronic Services utilize Internet services to transport data or communications, Putnam will take reasonable security precautions, but Putnam disclaims any liability for interception of any such data or communications. Putnam shall not be responsible for, and makes no warranties regarding, the access, speed, or availability of Internet or network services.

  • Site certificate information
    • Every secure page on Putnam's websites has been secured with a digital certificate by RSA Data Security, Inc. This is shown via the "site certificate" that sits on all secure pages. To view this certificate, click on the image of the "closed lock" or the "solid key" on the bottom bar of your browser window. A small frame displaying site security information will appear. If you use Internet Explorer, click on the word "Subject" to verify the website. Click on "Issuer" to verify the site certification authority.

  • User identification, where necessary
    • You can establish an online account on each of Putnam's secure sites, as follows:

      • Shareholders: If you have a Putnam shareholder account, you can establish an online account by clicking "Register" at the login page. When you register online, your user ID will be your email address and you will create a password at that time. Once you have successfully logged in, a confirmation will be sent to your address of record.
      • Financial advisors: Register online to create a password at DSTVision.com. Your username will be your email address. If you need any assistance, please contact us at 1-800-354-2228.
      • Retirement participants: If you are in a Putnam retirement plan, you should have received your account information and PIN in your enrollment package.
  • How to re-establish your identity with the site
    • If you have forgotten your password, Putnam can help to re-establish your identity:

      • Shareholders: Call 1-888-478-8626 or click "Login help" on the login page.
      • Retirement participants: Call your plan's toll-free number.
      • Financial advisors: Contact DST Vision at 1-800-435-4112.
  • How do we prevent unauthorized access to your information
    • Putnam has set specific password requirements as follows:

      • Shareholders: Must be at least 6 characters and include:
        • 1 upper case letter
        • 1 lowercase letter
        • 1 digit; and
        • 1 special character (! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / : ; ? @ [ \ ] ^ _ ` { | } ~)
      • Financial Advisors: DST passwords must be at least 16 characters and cannot:
        • Contain your Vision ID
        • Have more than 3 repeating characters (e.g., aaaa ...)
        • Have more than 3 sequential characters (e.g., 1234abcd ...)
        • Match any of your 5 previous passwords
      • Retirement Planning: Password must be at least 8 characters and include 3 of the following 4 criteria: uppercase letter, lowercase letter, number, special character.

      To help protect your personal information, we employ the following security mechanisms:

      • After 15 minutes of inactivity on Putnam's secure sites, you will be logged out. To restart your session, you will need to log in again.
      • After submitting an incorrect username or password more than 4 times, you will be locked out of your account for 15 minutes.
  • Protection of information being transmitted
    • Putnam uses the industry standard Secure Socket Layer (SSL) encryption, which uses the maximum encryption key length (up to 128 bits) allowed by your browser when transmitting your information.

  • Protection of stored information
    • Putnam has set minimum password lengths for our secure sites, as follows:

      • Shareholders: New password must be at least 6 characters and include:
        • 1 upper case letter
        • 1 lowercase letter
        • 1 digit; and
        • 1 special character (! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / : ; ? @ [ \ ] ^ _ ` { | } ~)
      • Financial Advisors: DST passwords must be at least 16 characters and cannot:
        • Contain your Vision ID
        • Have more than 3 repeating characters (e.g., aaaa ...)
        • Have more than 3 sequential characters (e.g., 1234abcd ...)
        • Match any of your 5 previous passwords
      • Retirement Planning: Password must be at least 8 characters and include 3 of the following 4 criteria: uppercase letter, lowercase letter, number, special character.

      To help protect your personal information, we employ the following security mechanisms:

      • After 15 minutes of inactivity on Putnam's secure sites, you will be logged out. To restart your session, you will need to log in again.
      • After submitting an incorrect username or password more than 4 times, you will be locked out of your account for 15 minutes.
  • Agreement/services provided
    • User understands that these terms and conditions ("Terms and Conditions") between User and Putnam (Putnam refers to Putnam Fiduciary Trust Company, The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC, Putnam Investments Limited, Putnam Retail Management, and each of the individual U.S.-registered Putnam funds, as the context may require) state the terms and conditions of User's use of Putnam's electronic transaction services ("Putnam Electronic Services"). Putnam's Electronic Services include any online securities trading system, web-based or otherwise, established by Putnam directly or through online business partners. With respect to institutional clients, electronic sources include access to client-specific account information and reporting.

      UIn offering online transaction services, Putnam is making available to User interactive computer services that allow User to obtain certain information and, in some cases, transact certain business with Putnam with regard to User's mutual fund, variable annuity accounts or other accounts (or accounts of persons on whose behalf User acts as broker, consultant, custodian, or other agent) and obtain quotations and other information (some of which may be provided by third parties) via electronic transmission for use on compatible personal, home, or small business computers with modems that can connect to the appropriate telecommunications network.

      User agrees to use Putnam's Electronic Services only in accordance with these Terms and Conditions and that any additional services offered by Putnam in the future will only be used in accordance with these Terms and Conditions. Putnam may amend or terminate these Terms and Conditions at any time without notice. Nothing in these Terms and Conditions should be construed as a solicitation or recommendation to buy or sell securities.

  • Approved use of electronic services
    • User shall be the only authorized user of Putnam's Electronic Services under these Terms and Conditions. User agrees to keep confidential and not publish, broadcast, retransmit, reproduce, commercially exploit, or otherwise disseminate the data, information, or services provided under these Terms and Conditions. User shall be responsible for the confidentiality and use of User's password(s) and other security data, methods, and devices. User understands that User shall be solely responsible for all transaction requests electronically transmitted, or use of any data, information, or services obtained, using User's passwords and other security data.

      User agrees that Putnam Electronic Services are the proprietary property of Putnam and/or third parties from whom Putnam has obtained rights to provide access to Putnam's customers. User agrees not to use Putnam Electronic Services except as authorized by these Terms and Conditions and, in any event, not to make it available to any third parties; any person acting as a broker or financial advisor for another person may provide the information obtained through Putnam Electronic Services with such broker or financial advisor's clients or prospective clients. Institutional client consultants custodians, or other service providers may provide such information only to the specific client in question.

  • Conditions for use of electronic services
    • User further understands and agrees that any transaction requests sent by User and any information furnished to User by use of Putnam's Electronic Services shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:

      • If a transaction request has been entered through Putnam's Electronic Services and User has not received an accurate written confirmation of the transaction within five (5) business days, User shall immediately notify Putnam.
      • If User has received confirmation of a transaction that User did not place or any similar conflicting report, User shall immediately notify Putnam.
      • User shall immediately notify Putnam if there is unauthorized use of User's passwords and other security data.
      • User shall immediately notify Putnam if there is a discrepancy in the account balance or security positions.

      If User fails to notify Putnam when any of the above conditions occurs, neither Putnam nor any of its employees, agents, affiliates, subsidiaries, or its parent, nor any third parties, can or will have any responsibility or liability to User or to any other person whose claim may arise through User for any claims with respect to the handling, mishandling, or loss of any order. User understands that Putnam shall not be deemed to have received any transaction request electronically transmitted by User until Putnam has acknowledged to User that the request has been received by Putnam. User accepts full responsibility for the monitoring of User's account.

  • Limitation of liability
    • Any liability arising out of any action or omission by Putnam to provide services to User hereunder shall be limited to an amount equal to the benefit that would have resulted from the transaction during the five (5) business days in which User should have acted.

  • Putnam's responsibilities
    • User understands that Putnam will not be responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or use of any information received by it or received by User from outside data sources through Putnam's Electronic Services and that Putnam does not make any warranty concerning such information. User understands that all transaction requests placed through Putnam's Electronic Services are at User's sole risk and responsibility. User agrees that neither Putnam nor any third party working with Putnam to provide services hereunder shall be responsible for any damages caused by communications line failure, unauthorized access, theft, systems failure, and other occurrences beyond its control. User agrees to provide all telephone and other equipment to access Putnam's Electronic Services, and User will be solely responsible for paying all charges related thereto.

  • Governing documents
    • User understands that all the terms and conditions of these Putnam Electronic Services Terms and Conditions, User's mutual fund or variable annuity application, and any applicable prospectus control the operation of User's account, and those terms and conditions are incorporated herein by reference. If User is a broker or financial advisor (or a registered representative of a broker or financial advisor), User shall also continue to be bound by the provisions of the agreement between such broker or financial advisor and Putnam. Institutional clients' relationships with Putnam are governed by the terms of the applicable investment management agreement or other account document.

  • Applicable charges
    • User agrees to be liable for any and all charges or expenses incurred in connection with the use of Putnam's Electronic Services by User or any other person through use of User's security codes, equipment, or otherwise. User understands that the rates, fees, billing, and terms governing services provided by outside vendors may be determined by the vendor.

  • Disclaimer
    • User expressly acknowledges and agrees that the use and storage of any information, including without limitation, portfolio information transaction activity, account balances, and any other information or transaction requests available through use of Putnam's Electronic Services is at User's sole risk and responsibility. NEITHER PUTNAM NOR ANY THIRD PARTY MAKES ANY REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE IN RESPECT OF PUTNAM'S ELECTRONIC SERVICES OR ANY INFORMATION PROGRAMS OR PRODUCTS OBTAINED FROM, THROUGH, OR IN CONNECTION WITH PUTNAM'S ELECTRONIC SERVICES. IN NO EVENT WILL PUTNAM OR ANY THIRD PARTY BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECT IN OR USE OF PUTNAM'S ELECTRONIC SERVICES.

  • Modification/Termination
    • User agrees that Putnam may discontinue Putnam's Electronic Services in whole or in part, at any time, and that Putnam may modify or change the terms of it, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time. User agrees that Putnam may immediately terminate its services if User breaches these Terms and Conditions or if User has jeopardized the proper and efficient operation of its services. Any unauthorized use of Putnam's Electronic Services, whatsoever, shall result in automatic termination of these Terms and Conditions.

  • Dissemination of information
    • User understands that each participating national securities exchange or association asserts a proprietary interest in all of the market data it furnishes to the parties that disseminate the data. User also understands that neither any participating national securities exchange or association nor any supplier of market data guarantees the timeliness, sequence, accuracy, or completeness of market data or any other market information, or messages disseminated by any party. No disseminating party shall be liable in any way, and User agrees to indemnify and hold harmless such party, for (a) any inaccuracy, error, or delay in, or omission of, (i) any such data, information, or message or (ii) the transmission or delivery of any such data, information, or message, or (b) any loss or damage arising from or occasioned by (i) any such inaccuracy, error, delay, or omission, (ii) nonperformance, or (iii) interruption of any such data, information, or message, due either to any negligent act or omission by any disseminating party or to any "force majeure" (i.e., flood, extraordinary weather conditions, earthquake, or other act of God, fire, war, insurrection, riot, labor dispute, accident, action of government, communications, or power failure, equipment or software malfunction) or any other cause beyond the reasonable control of any disseminating party. User understands that the terms of these Terms and Conditions may be enforced directly against User by the national securities exchanges and associations providing market data to User.

      Frank Russell Company is the source and owner of the trademarks, service marks, and copyrights related to the Russell Indexes. Russell® is a trademark of Frank Russell Company. FTSE Russell is the source and owner of the trademarks, service marks, and copyrights related to the FTSE Indexes. FTSE® is a trademark of FTSE Russell. The requirements as to the attribution and dissemination of the Data and/or Marks are set out on Licensor's website that is currently accessible via the URL http://www.ftse.com/products/indices/attribution-requirements, which URL may be changed by Licensor from time to time.

      ICE Data Indices, LLC ("ICE BofA"), used with permission. ICE BofA permits use of the ICE BofA indices and related data on an "as is" basis; makes no warranties regarding same; does not guarantee the suitability, quality, accuracy, timeliness, and/or completeness of the ICE BofA indices or any data included in, related to, or derived therefrom; assumes no liability in connection with the use of the foregoing; and does not sponsor, endorse, or recommend Putnam Investments, or any of its products or services.

      BLOOMBERG® is a trademark and service mark of Bloomberg Finance L.P. and its affiliates (collectively "Bloomberg"). Bloomberg or Bloomberg's licensors own all proprietary rights in the Bloomberg Indices. Neither Bloomberg nor Bloomberg's licensors approve or endorse this material, or guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any information herein, or make any warranty, express or implied, as to the results to be obtained therefrom and, to the maximum extent allowed by law, neither shall have any liability or responsibility for injury or damages arising in connection therewith.

      MSCI makes no warranties and shall have no liability with respect to any MSCI data reproduced herein. No further redistribution or use is permitted. This report is not prepared or endorsed by MSCI.

  • Use of Putnam software
    • User understands that User's use of any Putnam software is subject to the terms of any license agreement contained in or linked to the software. User agrees to be bound by the terms of such license agreement, including without limitation the prohibitions on distribution and copying, the exclusion of all representations and warranties, and the limitation of remedies to the replacement of defective disks.

  • No duty to inquire
    • User agrees that Putnam shall not be under a duty to inquire as to the authority or propriety of any instructions given to Putnam by User, and shall be entitled to act upon any such instructions; and Putnam will not be liable for any loss, cost, expense or other liability arising out of any such instructions.

  • Dispute resolution
    • These terms and conditions are governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (except for conflict of law provisions). Any claim related to any dispute arising as a result of Putnam Electronic Services or under these Terms and Conditions shall be before a court of competent jurisdiction located in The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. If any provision of these terms and conditions are held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.

  • How you can contact Putnam with Web site comments, inquiries, or complaints
      • Shareholders: "Contact Us" page provides contact information that includes phone numbers, postal addresses, and an HTML form for comments.
      • Financial Advisor: "Contact Us" page presents several options to User. The "Marketing Request Form," "Service Request Form," and the "Comments about our Web site" provide HTML forms to contact Putnam.
      • Institutional Investors: "Contact Us" page provides a phone number and an email address.
      • Retirement Plan Participants: A phone number is provided on the home page, as well as an "email us" link.