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The third-party information accessible through this site was prepared by, and is the sole responsibility of, independent providers who are not affiliated with Putnam. Putnam has not reviewed the information and does not warrant that the information is accurate, complete, or timely.

You further acknowledge and agree that (1) any security mentioned by a third party reflects the independent opinion of the third party, (2) any such third-party data or opinion is provided for your information only, and should not be used or construed as an offer to sell, a solicitation of an offer to buy, or a recommendation by Putnam, (3) any information you receive may not be considered legal, tax, or investment advice provided by Putnam, and (4) Putnam is not liable for any loss or damages resulting from your use of this information.

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Shares of mutual funds are not deposits of, or guaranteed or endorsed by, any financial institution; are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Federal Reserve Board, or any other agency; and involve risk, including the possible loss of the principal amount invested.

The mutual funds, investment products, and services listed on this site generally are not available for sale outside of the United States. The information presented is neither a solicitation nor an offer to sell these products to investors who are not U.S. persons.

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